简介:Arduino课程:您将学习的内容
你有没有想用技术修补?Arduino存在,以帮助创造性的人员和Techno-·初学者构建带电子产品的项目。作为一个平台,它通过帮助缓解通常与电气工程和计算机科学相关的设置负担和学习曲线来快速跟踪用户成功。
Arduino是使用微控制器编程和构建您自己的电路的最佳方式,从而对其周围的世界做出反应。在这个课堂上,我们将通过电子产品获得创意,并对您使用的概念感到满意,以推出您的漫长而富有成效的Arduino旅程。
Arduino的名称定义了几层您的体验:
- software- 用于撰写您的程序并与硬件通信,称为集成开发环境(Arduino IDE)
- hardware- 指董事会本身(例如Arduino Uno)
- 编程语言- Arduino编程语言基于C
- trademark- Other brands may manufacture Arduino-compatible hardware, but only some boards are official, and owning their trademark provides some unique protections. For instance, it allows the hardware and software to remain open source.
Arduino也是一个庞大的全球社区,这意味着您将找到大量的鼓舞人心的项目,示例代码和在线问题解决方案。
以下课程旨在随着时间的推移逐步地在Arduino中建立您的技能,让您具有足够的基本知识来出去并从想象力创建项目。
早期,您将进行面包板实验,以增加您在Arduino语言中的电力,组件和编码的关键概念的熟悉程度。
添加交互性将是您的下一个挑战。虽然您升级您的硬件技能以添加按钮和旋钮来控制电路,但您也可以了解更多的编程概念。
这n you'll acquire a variety of skills for building and programming, including soldering, understanding the power requirements of your Arduino projects, installing code libraries, and controlling a strip of addressable LEDs. You will graduate with the confidence to take on infinite Arduino projects in the future!
第1步:Arduino的工具和材料
本课程是您需要完成此类的完整用品列表。让它同时可以更轻松地获得一切,我创造了一个一种dafruit wishlist containing most of the components and tools。To get started with the bare minimum, you can complete most of the core exercises with the contents of theAdafruit Arduino Uno预算包。如果您使用的是不同的套件,则某些组件可能与整个此类中显示的组件不同。您还可以免费完成整个课程,免费使用Tinkercad电路!!
For the basic exercises:
- 电脑跑步Arduino软件
- Adafruit Arduino Uno Starter套件
- arduino.Uno board
- USB A-B电缆
- Half-sized breadboard
- Breadboard wires
- 10k电位器
- 2small pushbuttons
- 5.红色扩散了5毫米LED
- 明亮的红色的那green, 和蓝色的LED(每个或一个)RGB LED)
- 5.220-1K ohm resistors(所有值,范围内的任何值)
- 5.10K欧姆电阻器
- 面包板和arduino的塑料安装板
- Small flathead screwdriver
- Small DC motor那PN2222晶体管, 和1N4001 diode
完成技能输液课程(这是一个伟大的工具包,几乎所有你需要的东西):
- 烙铁和焊接
- 1meter of 60/m RGBW NeoPixel strip
- 小针头钳
- Flush diagonal cutters
- Wire strippers
- 万用表(optional but very handy)
- 镊子
- 三手工具
- 脱焊编织或者焊接吸盘
Arduino组件和附件推荐供应商:
- 一种dafruit(&分销商)(全世界)
- Arduino.cc商店(全世界)
第2步:了解工具
arduino.Uno- 该板是在Atmega328微控制器周围构建的,带支持组件可以轻松连接您自己的电路。UNO与USB A到B电缆连接到您的计算机,通常用于打印机(Boxy Connector)。对于此类,可以使用兼容的替代级联UNO,例如aSparkfun RedBoard或者Seeeduino v4.2.,只需确保您有正确的USB电缆。
无焊接面包板- 此设备内部有金属条和许多孔,允许您快速且轻松地连接组件。一种mounting plate建议,将面包板和Arduino联合在一起。您将通过电线连接到Arduino(breadboard wires很棒,但你也可以使用固体核心连接线)。
电子元件 - 您将通过将LED和其他组件插入面包板来创建电路。此类介绍每个新组件,并显示一个基本练习,向您展示如何将其连接并编写适当的Arduino程序。使用的组件:5mm LED,电阻,按钮开关,电位器和小型直流电机(具有自己的二极管和晶体管)。课程涵盖基础知识,重点是写作代码以与组件进行交互。对于超出这里涉及的更深入的信息,请查看Randy Sarafan的电子类或者LEDs & Lighting class。
Soldering tools- The Skills Infusion lesson teaches you how to connect wires to LED strip with a soldering iron, which heats the components enough to flow焊接(易于熔炼合金)它们之间。任何basic iron会做!Wire strippersremove insulation to expose the conductor inside,pliers和镊子帮助您定位组件,以及三手工具有助于保持一切稳定。冲洗剪排做一个好修剪多余的电线和组件leads after soldering. Wear protective eyewear when soldering and clipping wires, and solder in a well-ventilated area.
RGBW Neopixel Strip.- This digitally addressable strip contains WS2812b chips controlling compound LEDs in red, green, blue, and white. NeoPixel is the Adafruit brand name but you can also find this strip by searching for "WS2812b RGBW strip" on your favorite supplier's site. The sample code provided in this classwill not work with RGB (no white) strip, analog LED strip, or with any other kind of digital control chip (like APA104 aka DotStar)。
第3步:软件设置
这arduino.IDE (software for composing code and sending it to your board) runs on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. Head to thedownload page然后单击最能描述系统的选项。当软件正在下载时,使用USB A到B电缆将Arduino Board连接到计算机(平面到Boxy,通常用于打印机)。标签旁边的绿色LED应打开,标签L旁边的橙色LED应开始闪烁。
根据您的操作系统,您的软件安装过程将有所不同。在Windows上,运行安装程序,该安装程序还将安装必要的驱动程序(如果您的Arduino板已插入)。在OS X上,将Arduino应用程序拖到您的应用程序文件夹中(无需驱动程序)。有关Windows的更多帮助如果安装不顺利,请参阅Arduino的详细说明。如果您不想下载软件,大部分类也可以使用arduino.Web Editor。
打开Arduino应用程序并通过选择文件 - >示例 - > 01.Basics - >闪烁来加载第一个代码示例。
接下来是时候告诉软件我们打算计划的arduino板是什么时候。选择工具 - >电路板 - > Arduino / Genuino Uno。
然后我们需要选择连接到Arduino板的通信端口。选择工具 - >端口,然后任何端口名称被标记为“(Arduino / Genuino Uno)。”如果没有任何端口被标记,请尝试拔掉电路板,检查端口菜单,然后再次重新安装并再次检查端口菜单。无论哪个端口名称消失,那么重新出现可能是您的Arduino Board。在Windows上,您的端口可能会被称为“COM3”(或更高的数字)和OS X,它可能是“/dev/cu.usbmodem1461”的可能性。
现在单击“上载”按钮将闪光示例代码传输到Arduino Board。标有Rx和Tx的LED将闪烁,软件将显示一条消息“完成上传”。片刻后来标签L的LED将开始闪烁,就像你第一次插入它时一样。
Congratulations, you're ready to begin the next lesson, where we'll dig into the code you just uploaded, as well as build your first few LED circuits and discover how to control them using basic Arduino programming concepts.
如果您的端口未出现,或者在尝试上传时收到错误,请参阅arduino.'s detailed troubleshooting guide,这涵盖了许多其他常见问题。
第4步:Arduino历史
这或者igin story of Arduino很长而复杂,字符比宝石的比赛更多。我将尝试在这里总结一下,专注于硬件和社区的演变。
In the early 2000s, students and professors at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) in Italy developed a new microcontroller board for use specifically by artists and designers. They held workshops and seminars using the boards throughout different iterations, which were programmed using Wiring, a creative coding platform developed byHernandoBarragán.。通过提供支持性的软件环境,可轻松接线允许创造者来编程微控制器,以便轻松将程序易于上传到电路板,以及包括附加库和论坛的全面的在线参考。
Some other members of IDII partnered with a manufacturer to develop a version of the hardware that used an Atmega8 microcontroller, and Arduino was born. The original Arduino team members' names can be found on the Arduino NG board pictured above: Massimo Banzi, David Cuartielles, Tom Igoe, Gianluca Martino, and David Mellis.
这arduino.Unowe'll use in this class is the flagship development board of the Arduino brand, and it is the latest iteration in a long line of boards with a mission to make it easier for non-engineers to use.
随着时间的推移,随着时间的推移,和DIY升级教程的功能也在适用时发布。我回想一下将电容器手工焊接到我的Arduino NG上的两个垫,以利用新的Diecimila更新。PIN布局在板之间一致(在稍后的模型中添加了更多的针脚),以便向后兼容附加屏蔽。有一个full chronology about the board that became the Uno on the Arduino site。
其他具有专业功能的董事会在Arduino产品线上被释放。需要更多的输入和输出?用A.Arduino Mega.。Want a smaller circuit board and USB keyboard functionality? Use anArduino Micro.。等等。Arduino软件都有官方Arduino Boards全部支持。
For the enthusiast, it's possible to develop your own hardware that works with the Arduino software, too. Because Arduino is an ecosystem of open source hardware and software, it's possible to develop your own hardware that works with the Arduino software. It is also possible to build on the circuit to create a version to suit a more specific function, and manufacture and sell those designs. Because the plans have been freely available online, you'll see hundreds of Arduino-compatible boards designed by corporations and individuals alike, ranging wildly in function and complexity. Some are designed to be pin-compatible with the Arduino Uno, like theSparkfun Redboard或者Adafruit地铁。More compact boards for building tidy small circuits like the专业饰品和亲迷你简单地将您的面包板原型转换为成品。像性的复杂板Huzzh.(无线上网),触摸板(电容式触摸+音频播放)和电路游乐场(beginner lessons baked into the board) empower beginners to accomplish very sophisticated projects with ease.
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